Fundamentals of TMD in Orthodontics

– Modern concepts of TMD and the biopsychosocial model
– Differential diagnosis of muscular and joint-related disorders
– TMJ clicking, joint noises, and degenerative changes
– Occlusion and its role in orthodontic diagnosis and TMD management
– TMD screening, documentation, and medico-legal considerations
– Phased treatment protocol: diagnosis, stabilization, orthodontics, and retention
– Indications, limitations, and contraindications for aligner therapy in TMD
– Integration of aligners with physiotherapy and multidisciplinary care
– Occlusal control and TMD management throughout treatment
– Clinical checklists for orthodontic treatment of TMD patients.