WHAT’S NEW in pediatric dentistry

– New classification of pulpitis 

– The aim of an endodontic treatment

– The esthetic perspective of an endodontic treatment

– Diagnosis, decision making, and the expectation of endodontic treatment 

– The role of inflammation in pulp defense but also in pulp healing

– Histology of pulp inflammation 

– The key factors that have influence on the prognosis of pulp vitality preservation techniques

– The key factors to take into account when choosing between pulp capping or pulp chamber pulpotomy.

– New classification of pulpitis 

– The aim of an endodontic treatment

– The esthetic perspective of an endodontic treatment

– Diagnosis, decision making, and the expectation of endodontic treatment 

– The role of inflammation in pulp defense but also in pulp healing

– Histology of pulp inflammation 

– The key factors that have influence on the prognosis of pulp vitality preservation techniques

– The key factors to take into account when choosing between pulp capping or pulp chamber pulpotomy

– The key factors to take into consideration for selecting the capping material

– Managing treatment failures and retreatments. 

– Clinical cases. 

– Immature teeth particularities 

– Apexogenesis 

– Apexification and MTA 

– How understanding of biology will help the clinician to better select clinical cases for regenerative procedures

– Revitalization and Revascularization 

– Advantages of revitalization and apexification

– Contraindications of revitalization and apexification

– Tissue engineering: stem cells, growth factors, and scaffold dental pulp

– Repair vs. Regeneration 

– Outcomes:

- patient-based outcome

- clinician-based outcome 

- scientist-based outcome.

– Revitalization of mature teeth

– The clinical factors to take into account when selecting one technique or the other depending on the clinical situation.

– Dental trauma classification

– The clinical and radiographic features of:

- enamel fractures

- uncomplicated crown fractures

- complicated crown fractures 

- crown-root fractures

- root fractures

- concussion

- subluxation

- luxations (lateral, extrusive and intrusive). 

– Diagnostic tests and procedures used in examining patients with dental injuries

– Possible responses of pulp and periradicular tissues to the injury 

– Treatment protocols (immediate and long term) for various types of traumatic injuries

– Outcomes of traumatic dental injuries

– Pulp capping, apexification and apexogenesis: detailed protocols 

– Regenerative endodontic: detailed protocols.

– Advantages of stainless steel crowns

– Indications for stainless steel crowns

– Crown selection

– Evaluation of the crown reduction and preparation: occlusal, proximal and peripheral

– The instruments and materials needed to work with stainless steel crowns

– Step-by-step preparation, seating and fixing of the stainless steel crown

– Contraindication for SS crown placement

– Modification in crown size: undersized and oversized crowns

– SSC and abutments as a space maintainer

– Anterior crossbite correction with SSC

– Open Face SSC: the aesthetic version of SSC

– The HALL Technique: indications, contraindications, methods, instruments, and advantages

– The success and failure criteria of conventional crown restorations and the HALL technique crowns.

– The zones of carious dentin: affected dentin and infected dentin

– Understanding the dentin terminology: tertiary, reactionary, reparative, infected, and affected dentin

– Management of deep caries in primary teeth

– Clinical diagnosis of a pulpal condition

– Stepwise (two-step) caries excavation

– Indirect Pulp Capping (IPC): rationale, indications, and contraindications

– The clinical procedures for indirect pulp capping

– Direct pulp capping: treatment objectives, indications, and treatment considerations

– The salient features of successful pulp capping

– The ideal properties for pulp capping materials

– Histological changes after pulp capping

– Keys to clinical success with pulp capping.

– Full coverage crown restoration for primary teeth

– Communication with parents. Motivation for crowns

– Indications and contraindications for the use of crowns in children

– Necessary equipment, tools and materials

– X-ray examination before and after treatment

– Stainless Steel Crowns: 

- Indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages

- Tooth preparation protocols

- Cementation 

- Postoperative instructions. 

– The HALL technique: 

- Indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages

- Chairside protocol of the technique. 

– Strip crowns: 

- Indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages

- Tooth preparation protocols

- Composite strip crowns

- Glass ionomer strip crowns

- Injection moulding technique.

– Zirconia crowns in pediatric dentistry: 

- Posterior and anterior zirconia crowns

- The tissue attachment to zirconia 

- Case selection 

- Tooth preparation protocols 

- Methods for controlling hemorrhage 

- Crowns try-in and common errors 

- Cementation.

– Postoperative period and general recommendations

– Difficulties, complications and ways to solve them

– Clinical tips and tricks.

– Evidence-based guidelines on non-restorative treatments of cavitated and non-cavitated carious lesions in primary and permanent dentitions 

– Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF): advantages, indications, and clinical application

– Caries management challenges of uncooperative and medically compromised patients

– Management of early childhood caries: caries prevention vs arrest

– Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART)

– Silver Modified Atraumatic Restorative Technique (SMART)

– Silver Modified Interim Therapeutic Restoration (SMITR)

– The HALL technique: advantages, indications, and clinical application  

– HALL technique vs conventional SSC

– Resin sealant technique: indications and clinical application

– Resin Infiltration: indications and clinical application

– Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) and Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC): advantages, indication, and clinical application

– Closed and Open Sandwich Technique

– The critical clinical applications of dentin substitutes (Biodentin ® and MTA®).

– What is the meaning of Minimally Invasive Dentistry (MID):

- Non-restorative caries control

- Restorative caries control

- Selective caries removal. 

– Caries prevention: xylitol as a sugar substitute

– Sealants of pits and fissures: hidden fissures and early diagnosis of caries

– How to differentiate between infected and affected dentine

– Rotary caries removal: conventional tungsten carbide burs and their microhardness

– Rotary caries removal: polymer bur for carious dentin removal

– Mechanical caries removal: classification of each type of excavator

– Direct pulp capping in primary teeth 

– Silver Diamine Fluoride 38%: Non-Restorative Cavity Control 

– Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) and enamel hypoplasia 

– Bioactive biomaterials

– SMART TECHNIQUE:

- Early Lesions

- Deep Caries

- Caries in teeth affected by MIH.

– Biomimetic in Minimally Invasive Dentistry: Bio-Remineralization

– Bioactive Glass Materials in Dentine: MTA, Biodentine and NeoMTA in indirect and direct pulp capping

– What does Biomimetic mean in pediatric dentistry? 

– New Generation of Glass Ionomers with Strontium

– Giomers

– Minimally Invasive Dentistry in molars affected by MIH:

- Hypersensitivity Control

- Deproteinization of hypomineralized enamel 

- Bioactive Biomaterials

- Adhesion

- Aesthetic Restorative Treatment.

– Dental phobia: fear, anxiety, panic disorders, dentophobia 

– Pediatric behavior types

– Dental anxiety and stress management

– Dental pain evaluation 

– The domains of pediatric patient management: physical, pharmacological, aversive and linguistic domains 

– Indications of local, general, and moderate anesthesia (sedation)

– Pain levels and nerve fibers responsible for pain 

– Common analgesic prescribed to pediatric patients

– Classification of local anesthetics: Amide group 

– Classification of local anesthetics: Ester group 

– Local anesthetic characterization for pediatric patients: the onset, potency, and protein binding capabilities

– The ASA classification system and the INR reading 

– Local anesthesia injection technique: features, composition, and dose calculation

– Oral block injections: IO, ASA, MSA, PSA, NP, GP, IA, and IN nerve block 

– The additive and synergistic effect of anesthetics

– Inhalation, Enteral, and Parenteral Anesthesia

– Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and drug interaction

– Guidelines for sedation and general anesthesia

– Preparations for sedation

– Preparations for general anesthesia

– Side effects of using local and general anesthesia

– Complications during local and general anesthesia.